Climate Change Fuels Invasive Freshwater Fish Threats in Turkey

Par JeffreyGammon — Travail personnel, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=116127805

Turkey's freshwater ecosystems are facing a growing threat from invasive fish species, a situation exacerbated by climate change and human interventions.

Recent studies indicate that approximately 25% of the world's freshwater fish species are at risk of extinction due to climate change.

In Turkey, the warming climate has created favorable conditions for non-native species to establish and expand their ranges.  One such species is the eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), known for its adaptability to various environmental conditions.

Originally introduced for mosquito control, this species has become invasive, outcompeting native fish and disrupting local food webs.  Another concern is the tilapia, listed among the world's worst alien invasive species.  Tilapia's rapid reproduction and aggressive behavior pose significant threats to indigenous fish populations.

In the Kızılırmak Delta, several non-native aquatic species have been introduced into the lakes and nearby sea.

While some, like the so-iuy mullet, have economic value, their ecological impacts remain a concern.  To combat these challenges, the Mediterranean Conservation Society has initiated the "New Fish" program.

This project promotes the consumption of edible invasive species, aiming to reduce their populations and alleviate pressure on native ecosystems.  By encouraging local fisheries to target species such as lionfish and blue crab, the program seeks to turn an ecological problem into an economic opportunity.

However, the situation remains dire for endemic species like the Acı Göl toothcarp (Anatolichthys transgrediens).

Restricted to the springs of Lake Acıgöl, this species faces threats from reduced rainfall, water abstraction, and competition from introduced species like the eastern mosquitofish.

Similarly, the scaleless killifish (Kosswigichthys asquamatus), endemic to Lake Hazar, is endangered due to falling water levels and habitat degradation.

Addressing the invasive species crisis in Türkiye requires a multifaceted approach.

Implementing stringent biosecurity measures, promoting public awareness, and supporting conservation programs are essential steps.

By integrating climate change mitigation with biodiversity conservation, Türkiye can work towards preserving its unique freshwater ecosystems for future generations.